Current trends, diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms in hepatic echinococcosis – a clinical case report and literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14869208Keywords:
hepatic echinococcosis, laparoscopy, minimally invasive surgery, methodsAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Human echinococcosis is a chronic zoonotic infection caused by the larval forms (metacestodes) of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. This serious and near-cosmopolitan disease continues to be a significant public health issue. Cystic (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are the most common forms. Clinical manifestations include damage or dysfunction of target organs, particularly the liver (70%) and lungs (20%), with the remainder including the spleen, brain and kidney. The diagnosis is made on the basis of imaging and serological studies.
CLINICAL CASE: This article aims to present a literature review and a clinical case of a 19-year-old girl with a diagnosed cystic lesion of the liver with characteristic features of an echinococcal cyst and a positive test for IgG antibodies for Echinococcus granulosus. A minimally invasive technique was applied. Laparoscopic protected puncture of the cyst was performed, followed by aspiration of the contents, instillation and subsequent reaspiration of a scolicidal agent (PAIR procedure). The patient recovered from the operative intervention and was discharged without complications.
CONCLUSION: Hepatic echinococcosis usually requires combined surgical and anthelmintic treatment. Despite the development of diagnostic modalities and new therapeutic methods, this disease still represents a challenge for epidemiologists and surgeons. Laparoscopic techniques are emerging as safe and efficient in the treatment of hydatid cysts of the liver.
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